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Browsing by Author "Office of the Deputy Technical Governor"

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Open Access
Inflation Report March 2018
(Banco de la República, 2018-11-07) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; González-Gómez, Andrés; Office of the Deputy Governor for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Huertas-Campos, Carlos Alfonso; Parra-Amado, Daniel; Cobo-Serna, Adolfo León; Amador-Torres, Juan Sebastián; Caicedo-García, Edgar; Cárdenas-Hurtado, Camilo Alberto; Cote-Barón, Juan Pablo; Pérez-Amaya, Julián Mauricio; Calderón-López, Luis Hernán; López, David Camilo; Prieto-Sánchez, María Alejandra; Martínez-Cortés, Nicolás
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2018-11-07
Inflation Report - March 2018
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report, January 2024
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Programming and Inflation Department; Inflation Section; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Forecasting Process Management Section; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Forecasting Section; Models and Capacities Development Section
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2024-03-26
Informe de Política Monetaria - January 2024
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report - July de 2021
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Ospina-Tejeiro, Juan José; Programming and Inflation Department; Huertas-Campos, Carlos Alfonso; Inflation Section; Cobo-Serna, Adolfo León; Caicedo-García, Edgar; Cote-Barón, Juan Pablo; Martínez-Cortés, Nicolás; Rojas, Carlos Daniel; Pulido-Mahecha, Karen L.; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Garavito-Acosta, Aarón Levi; Calderón-López, Luis Hernán; González, Camilo; Salazar-Diaz, Andrea; Galeano-Ramírez, Franky; Forecasting Process Management Section; Gaitán-Maldonado, Celina; Restrepo-Ángel, Sergio; Gomez-Beltran, Edward; Mora-Arbeláez, Tatiana Andrea; Forecasting Section; Hamann-Salcedo, Franz Alonso; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Pérez-Amaya, Julián Mauricio; Romero-Chamorro, José Vicente; Forero-Alvarado, Santiago; Moreno-Arias, Nicolás; De Castro-Valderrama, Marcela; Naranjo-Saldarriaga, Sara; Consultant and Researchers associated with the Macro-Economic Models Department; Guarín-López, Alexander; Méndez-Vizcaíno, Juan Camilo; Anzola, César; Grajales-Olarte, Anderson
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2021-10-07
Monetary Policy Report - July de 2021
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report - April 2020
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office of the Deputy Governor for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Ospina-Tejeiro, Juan José; Programming and Inflation Department; Huertas-Campos, Carlos Alfonso; Cobo-Serna, Adolfo León; Caicedo-García, Edgar; Cote-Barón, Juan Pablo; Martínez-Cortés, Nicolás; Rojas, Carlos Daniel; Pulido-Mahecha, Karen L.; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Garavito-Acosta, Aarón Levi; Calderón-López, Luis Hernán; González, Camilo; Salazar-Diaz, Andrea; Galeano-Ramírez, Franky; Advisors and Associate Researcher with the Programming and Inflation Department; Gaitán-Maldonado, Celina; Restrepo-Ángel, Sergio; Parra-Amado, Daniel; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Hamann-Salcedo, Franz Alonso; Forecasting Section; Pérez-Amaya, Julián Mauricio; Romero-Chamorro, José Vicente; Forero-Alvarado, Santiago; Moreno-Arias, Nicolás; De Castro-Valderrama, Marcela; Naranjo-Saldarriaga, Sara; Consultant and Researchers associated with the Macro-Economic Models Department; Guarín-López, Alexander; Anzola, César; Méndez-Vizcaíno, Juan Camilo
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2020-05-04
Monetary Policy Report - April 2020
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report - July 2022
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Inflation Section; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Advisors and Associate Researcher with the Programming and Inflation Department; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Consultant and Researchers associated with the Macro-Economic Models Department
Starting in October 2019, the quarterly Inflation Report produced by the technical staff of the Central Bank will be known as the Monetary Policy Report. The document, which is used for the technical staff´s monetary policy recommendation, will be published on the working day after the meeting of the BDBR in January, April, July, and October, simultaneously with the Board minutes.
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2022-10-12
Informe de Política Monetaria - July 2022
Open Access
Financial Stability Report - Second Semester of 2020
(Banco de la República) Banco de la República de Colombia; Echavarría, Juan José; Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Cardozo-Ortiz, Pamela Andrea; Financial Stability Department; Osorio-Rodríguez, Daniel Esteban; Systemic Risks Assessment Section; Cabrera-Rodríguez, Wilmar-Alexander; Liquidity Support and Risk Control Section; Cardozo-Alvarado, Nathali; Cely-Fernández, Jorge Humberto; Clavijo-Ramírez, Felipe; Gamba-Santamaría, Santiago; Gómez-Molina, Andrés Camilo; Gualtero-Briceño, Daniela; Meneses-González, María Fernanda; Lizarazo-Cuellar, Angélica María; Narváez, Alida; Pirateque-Niño, Javier Eliecer; Rodríguez-Novoa, Daniela; Sánchez-Quinto, Camilo Eduardo; Sarmiento-Paipilla, Néstor Miguel; Segovia-Baquero, Santiago David; Yanquen, Eduardo
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2021-03-09
Financial Stability Report - II Semester 2020
Open Access
Financial Stability Report - March 2017
(Banco de la República) Banco de la República de Colombia; Echavarría, Juan José; Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Cardozo-Ortiz, Pamela Andrea; Morales-Acevedo, Paola; Osorio-Rodríguez, Daniel Esteban; Gómez-González, Esteban; Cely-Fernández, Jorge Humberto; Clavijo-Ramírez, Felipe; Gamba-Santamaría, Santiago; Hurtado-Guarín, Jorge Luis; Jaulín-Méndez, Oscar Fernando; Lizarazo-Cuellar, Angélica María; Mariño-Montaña, Juan Sebastián; Mendoza-Gutiérrez, Juan Carlos; Meneses-González, María Fernanda; Pacheco-Bernal, Daisy Johana; Segovia-Baquero, Santiago David; Yanquen, Eduardo; Yaruro-Jaime, Ana María
Al analizar la situación de los establecimientos de crédito (EC) entre agosto de 2016 y febrero de 2017, se observó un menor crecimiento real de la cartera, explicado principalmente por la dinámica de la cartera comercial. En cuanto a los indicadores de calidad por riesgo (ICR) y calidad por mora (ICM), se presentaron incrementos para todas las modalidades de cartera; sin embargo, estos niveles en general se mantuvieron por debajo de los observados en 2009. Con respecto a la dinámica del pasivo, este continuó con la tendencia decreciente presentada desde el segundo semestre de 2016. Por composición, los certificados de depósito a término (CDT) de mayores plazos y las cuentas de ahorro aumentaron su participación. En cuanto a las instituciones financieras no bancarias (IFNB), en febrero de 2017 se registró una desaceleración de los activos tanto en posición propia como administrada, en comparación con lo observado en agosto de 2016. Con respecto a la composición del portafolio propio y de terceros, las inversiones se concentraron principalmente en títulos de deuda pública y privada de emisores nacionales. Además, en el mismo período se observaron incrementos en el indicador de rentabilidad sobre activos (ROA) para todos los tipos de entidad. El análisis de los principales deudores del sistema financiero muestra que el sector corporativo presentó una disminución en el endeudamiento como porcentaje del PIB durante 2016. En el caso del sector privado, la reducción obedeció a que el endeudamiento con instituciones financieras nacionales creció a un ritmo menor que el producto y a que el fondeo con proveedores del exterior se redujo a causa de la apreciación de la tasa de cambio. En el caso del sector público, la disminución se dio por un menor financiamiento en moneda extranjera con entidades financieras nacionales y por una reducción, debido a la apreciación del peso, del saldo de bonos emitidos en el exterior y del endeudamiento con entidades bilaterales. El endeudamiento de los hogares se aceleró entre agosto de 2016 y febrero de 2017, principalmente en la modalidad de consumo. La dinámica anterior estuvo acompañada de una relativa estabilidad en el indicador de carga financiera calculado a nivel agregado. Por su parte, el ICM y el ICR presentaron incrementos durante este periodo, destacándose el deterioro de los créditos de libre inversión. En relación con el riesgo de mercado, la principal exposición por parte de las entidades financieras estuvo concentrada en el mercado de renta fija. Estos títulos mostraron valorizaciones durante el último semestre de 2016 y los primeros meses de 2017, impulsadas por un mayor apetito por riesgo a nivel mundial y por cambios en la postura de política monetaria local. Durante la segunda mitad de 2016 el mercado de renta variable presentó un comportamiento estable debido a la baja volatilidad del precio del petróleo. El indicador de riesgo de liquidez (IRL) muestra que los EC contaron con niveles adecuados de recursos líquidos para cumplir con sus obligaciones de corto plazo. Por su parte, la dinámica de los pasivos y el patrimonio de los EC continuó con la tendencia decreciente presentada desde mediados de 2015, destacándose la contribución negativa de los depósitos a la vista, las operaciones pasivas del mercado monetario, y los créditos de bancos y obligaciones financieras. Por otro lado, se resalta que los depósitos a término fueron el componente del pasivo que más aportó positivamente al crecimiento real anual del fondeo. Por último, el ejercicio de sensibilidad propuesto evaluó la resiliencia de los EC ante un escenario negativo (y poco probable), con un choque sobre la inversión, una caída en la confianza global sobre la economía colombiana y la materialización de un conjunto de riesgos para el sistema (riesgo de crédito, riesgo de mercado y riesgo de fondeo). Los resultados indican que el impacto del escenario hipotético sobre la solvencia total de los EC tendría una magnitud moderada. Al mismo tiempo, se observarían ciertos efectos negativos sobre el volumen de la cartera, su calidad y la rentabilidad del negocio de intermediación. Lo anterior muestra la importancia de continuar con el monitoreo cuidadoso de la situación financiera de deudores y entidades.
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2017-05-30
Financial Stability Report - I Semester 2017
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report - January 2022
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Inflation Section; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Advisors and Associate Researcher with the Programming and Inflation Department; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Consultant and Researchers associated with the Macro-Economic Models Department
Starting in October 2019, the quarterly Inflation Report produced by the technical staff of the Central Bank will be known as the Monetary Policy Report. The document, which is used for the technical staff´s monetary policy recommendation, will be published on the working day after the meeting of the BDBR in January, April, July, and October, simultaneously with the Board minutes.
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2022-03-23
Monetary Policy Report - January 2022
Open Access
Payment Systems Report - June of 2020
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Cardozo-Ortiz, Pamela Andrea; Financial Infrastructure Oversight Department; Machado-Franco, Clara Lía; Cadena-Silva, Carlos Alberto; Cepeda-López, Freddy Hernán; Ciceri-Lozano, Aura María; León-Rincón, Carlos Eduardo; Mariño-Montaña, Juan Sebastián; Martínez-Ventura, Constanza; Miguélez-Márquez, Javier; Ortega-Castro, Fabio Gonzalo
With its annual Payment Systems Report, Banco de la República offers a complete overview of the infrastructure of Colombia’s financial market. Each edition of the report has four objectives: 1) to publicize a consolidated account of how the figures for payment infrastructures have evolved with respect to both financial assets and goods and services; 2) to summarize the issues that are being debated internationally and are of interest to the industry that provides payment clearing and settlement services; 3) to offer the public an explanation of the ideas and concepts behind retail-value payment processes and the trends in retail payments within the circuit of individuals and companies; and 4) to familiarize the public, the industry, and all other financial authorities with the methodological progress that has been achieved through applied research to analyze the stability of payment systems. This edition introduces changes that have been made in the structure of the report, which are intended to make it easier and more enjoyable to read. The initial sections in this edition, which is the eleventh, contain an analysis of the statistics on the evolution and performance of financial market infrastructures. These are understood as multilateral systems wherein the participating entities clear, settle and register payments, securities, derivatives and other financial assets. The large-value payment system (CUD) saw less momentum in 2019 than it did the year before, mainly because of a decline in the amount of secondary market operations for government bonds, both in cash and sell/buy-backs, which was offset by an increase in operations with collective investment funds (CIFs) and Banco de la República’s operations to increase the money supply (repos). Consequently, the Central Securities Depository (DCV) registered less activity, due to fewer negotiations on the secondary market for public debt. This trend was also observed in the private debt market, as evidenced by the decline in the average amounts cleared and settled through the Central Securities Depository of Colombia (Deceval) and in the value of operations with financial derivatives cleared and settled through the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC). Section three offers a comprehensive look at the market for retail-value payments; that is, transactions made by individuals and companies. During 2019, electronic transfers increased, and payments made with debit and credit cards continued to trend upward. In contrast, payments by check continued to decline, although the average daily value was almost four times the value of debit and credit card purchases. The same section contains the results of the fourth survey on how the use of retail-value payment instruments (for usual payments) is perceived. Conducted at the end of 2019, the main purpose of the survey was to identify the availability of these payment instruments, the public’s preferences for them, and their acceptance by merchants. It is worth noting that cash continues to be the instrument most used by the population for usual monthly payments (88.1% with respect to the number of payments and 87.4% in value). However, its use in terms of value has declined, having registered 89.6% in the 2017 survey. In turn, the level of acceptance by merchants of payment instruments other than cash is 14.1% for debit cards, 13.4% for credit cards, 8.2% for electronic transfers of funds and 1.8% for checks. The main reason for the use of cash is the absence of point-of-sale terminals at commercial establishments. Considering that the retail-payment market worldwide is influenced by constant innovation in payment services, by the modernization of clearing and settlement systems, and by the efforts of regulators to redefine the payment industry for the future, these trends are addressed in the fourth section of the report. There is an account of how innovations in technology-based financial payment services have developed, and it shows that while this topic is not new, it has evolved, particularly in terms of origin and vocation. One of the boxes that accompanies the fourth section deals with certain payment aspects of open banking and international experience in that regard, which has given the customers of a financial entity sovereignty over their data, allowing them, under transparent and secure conditions, to authorize a third party, other than their financial entity, to request information on their accounts with financial entities, thus enabling the third party to offer various financial services or initiate payments. Innovation also has sparked interest among international organizations, central banks, and research groups concerning the creation of digital currencies. Accordingly, the last box deals with the recent international debate on issuance of central bank digital currencies. In terms of the methodological progress that has been made, it is important to underscore the work that has been done on the role of central counterparties (CCPs) in mitigating liquidity and counterparty risk. The fifth section of the report offers an explanation of a document in which the work of CCPs in financial markets is analyzed and corroborated through an exercise that was built around the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC) in the Colombian market for non-delivery peso-dollar forward exchange transactions, using the methodology of network topology. The results provide empirical support for the different theoretical models developed to study the effect of CCPs on financial markets. Finally, the results of research using artificial intelligence with information from the large-value payment system are presented. Based on the payments made among financial institutions in the large-value payment system, a methodology is used to compare different payment networks, as well as to determine which ones can be considered abnormal. The methodology shows signs that indicate when a network moves away from its historical trend, so it can be studied and monitored. A methodology similar to the one applied to classify images is used to make this comparison, the idea being to extract the main characteristics of the networks and use them as a parameter for comparison. Juan José Echavarría Governor
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2021-02-23
Payment Systems Report - June of 2020
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report - January 2025
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Programming and Inflation Department; Inflation Section; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Forecasting Section; Models and Capacities Development Section
While inflation fell significantly in 2024, it continues above the 3% target. However, monetary policy measures and corrections in particular factors that exert upward price pressures have helped direct inflation toward the objective. Economic activity continues to recover and is expected to continue growing. The monetary policy interest rate is compatible with the convergence of inflation to its 3% target and the gradual recovery of economic growth toward more sustainable levels. Inflation has fallen significantly, from 9.3% in 2023 to 5.2% in 2024. During this year and into the next, inflation would continue to decline towards the inflation target. In the last quarter of 2024, inflation continued its downward path, ending the year at 5.2% with the help of smaller increases in the prices of some regulated goods and services (particularly utilities and fuel prices) and food away from home. Despite inflation’s significant decline throughout 2024, including in the last quarter and the positive performance of goods and food, headline inflation ended the year above the target. Monetary policy actions and the adjustment in economic activity contributed to inflation’s decline; however, indexation to a high inflation rate in 2023 and labor cost pressures constrained a more marked drop. Over the next two years, both headline and core inflation are expected to gradually approach the 3% target. The indexation of certain goods and services prices to lower inflation and the cumulative effects of monetary policy decisions would assist in steering inflation closer to the target. Nevertheless, inflationary pressures from the recent minimum wage increase and those resulting from the exchange rate’s behavior in a environment of high global uncertainty, could make the reduction of inflation slower than projected. Economic activity continues on a path of gradual recovery, helping inflation remain close to the 3% target and encouraging a stable labor market environment. Colombia’s economy continued to strengthen in the second half of 2024, backed by strong household consumption and signs of investment recovery. Increased spending on machinery and equipment, civil works construction, and the recovery of inventories would driving the improvement seen in investment. Private consumption (household consumption) has grown, supported by lower interest rates, improved access to credit, and increased disposable income. Economic activity is projected to grow 1.8% in 2024 and would continue to accelerate to 2.6% in 2025 and 3.4% in 2026, attributed to a monetary policy that would gradually ease as inflation falls. Consequently, the economy is foreseen to reach a level close to its productive capacity by 2026. The unemployment rate has decreased and is at low levels compared to its historical performance, concurrent with growing employment levels. Additionally, improvements in salaried employment have led to additional reductions in the informality ratios. Monetary policy interest rate reductions have been reflected in significant decreases in financial market interest rates, contributing to the the gradual recovery of credit. Since the end of 2023, the Board of Directors of Banco de la República has reduced the monetary policy interest rate by 375 basis points to its current level of 9.5%. The latter is compatible with inflation converging to its 3% target over the next two years and the gradual recovery of economic activity to sustainable levels. At its December meeting, the Board of Directors of Banco de la República decided by majority vote to lower the monetary policy interest rate by 25 basis points and concurred at its January meeting to maintain the benchmark rate at 9.5%. All monetary policy decisions have contributed to reducing annual inflation amid a backdrop of gradual improvements in economic activity and a stable labor market. The impact of the minimum wage increase on prices and the exchange rate behavior in an environment of high external and fiscal uncertainty are significant factors guiding inflation’s future trajectory. Consequently, information in this context will help define the future monetary rate decisions that will allow inflation to continue converging toward the 3% target. In this sense, monetary policy interest rate decisions continue to support the sustainable recovery of economic growth and maintain the prudence required given the continuing risks surrounding the future behavior of inflation. Box 1: Instantaneous infation in Colombia Edgar Caicedo García Wilmer Osvaldo Martínez Rivera Juan Camilo Vallejo Peña Gabriel Adolfo Garavito Plata Box 2: Estimated effects of the minimum wage on infation in Colombia Nicolás Martínez-Cortés Sergio Restrepo-Ángel Box 3: Energy demand as an indicator of industrial activity in Colombia Diana Cortázar Nicolás Villanueva
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2025-03-17
Monetary Policy Report - January 2025
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report - January 2026
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Programming and Inflation Department; Inflation Section; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Forecasting Process Management and Assessment Section; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Forecasting Section; Models and Capacities Development Section
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2026-02-03
Monetary Policy Report - January 2026
Open Access
Financial Infrastructure Report 2022
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Cardozo-Ortiz, Pamela Andrea; Financial Infrastructure Oversight Department; Machado-Franco, Clara Lía; Cadena-Silva, Carlos Alberto; Cepeda-López, Freddy Hernán; Ciceri-Lozano, Aura María; Marin-Giraldo, Jefferson Dario; Mariño-Martínez, Jorge Ricardo; Martínez-Ventura, Constanza; Miguélez-Márquez, Javier; Villalobos-Pérez, Jhonatan
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2023-06-06
Payment Systems Report - June of 2022
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report - July 2025
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Programming and Inflation Department; Inflation Section; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Forecasting Process Management Section; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Forecasting Section; Models and Capacities Development Section
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2025-09-19
Monetary Policy Report - July 2025
Open Access
Monetary Policy Report - April 2024
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; Programming and Inflation Department; Inflation Section; Macroeconomic Programming Section; Forecasting Process Management Section; Macroeconomic Modeling Department; Forecasting Section; Models and Capacities Development Section
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2024-05-03
Monetary Policy Report - April 2024
Open Access
Financial Stability Report - Second Semester 2018
(Banco de la República) Echavarría, Juan José; Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Cardozo-Ortiz, Pamela Andrea; Financial Stability Department; Osorio-Rodríguez, Daniel Esteban; Systemic Risks Section; Mendoza-Gutiérrez, Juan Carlos; Cabrera-Rodríguez, Wilmar-Alexander; Cardozo-Alvarado, Nathali; Cely-Fernández, Jorge Humberto; Gamba-Santamaría, Santiago; Jaulín-Méndez, Oscar Fernando; Lizarazo-Cuellar, Angélica María; Mariño-Montaña, Juan Sebastián; Meneses-González, María Fernanda; Quicazán-Moreno, Carlos Andrés; Segovia-Baquero, Santiago David; Yanquen, Eduardo
Este Reporte de Estabilidad Financiera cumple el objetivo de presentar la apreciación del Banco de la República sobre el desempeño reciente de los establecimientos de crédito y sus deudores, así como sobre los principales riesgos y vulnerabilidades que podrían tener algún efecto sobre la estabilidad financiera de la economía colombiana. Con este objetivo se pretende informar a los participantes en los mercados financieros y al público, además de promover el debate público sobre las tendencias y los riesgos que atañen al sistema financiero. Los resultados aquí presentados sirven también a la autoridad monetaria como base para la toma de decisiones que permitan promover la estabilidad financiera en el contexto general de los objetivos de estabilidad de precios y estabilidad macroeconómica. 1. Sistema financiero avanza en proceso de ajuste a choques macroeconómicos desde 2014: – Baja rentabilidad – Bajo crecimiento de la cartera 2. Se ha hecho evidente la resiliencia de las entidades financieras, que han mantenido indicadores sólidos de solvencia y de liquidez durante todo el proceso de ajuste. 3. La recuperación económica ha mitigado gradualmente las principales vulnerabilidades de corto plazo para la estabilidad del sistema financiero identificadas hace seis meses: – Menor crecimiento de cartera vencida – Menor crecimiento de cartera en riesgo 4. La principal vulnerabilidad que enfrenta actualmente la estabilidad financiera de la economía colombiana es el riesgo de mayores restricciones en el financiamiento externo de la economía en un contexto de incrementos de las tasas de interés globales y posibles turbulencias en economías emergentes, con los consecuentes efectos potenciales sobre la demanda agregada. 5. Continúa observándose una materialización del riesgo de crédito en sectores económicos como la construcción y la agricultura y, en menor medida, en la cartera de vivienda.
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2019-04-12
Financial Stability Report - II Semester 2018
Open Access
Payment Systems Report - June of 2021
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Cardozo-Ortiz, Pamela Andrea; Financial Infrastructure Oversight Department; Machado-Franco, Clara Lía; Cadena-Silva, Carlos Alberto; Cepeda-López, Freddy Hernán; Ciceri-Lozano, Aura María; León-Rincón, Carlos Eduardo; Mariño-Martínez, Jorge Ricardo; Martínez-Ventura, Constanza; Miguélez-Márquez, Javier; Ortega-Castro, Fabio Gonzalo
Banco de la República provides a comprehensive overview of Colombia’s finan¬cial infrastructure in its Payment Systems Report, which is an important product of the work it does to oversee that infrastructure. The figures published in this edition of the report are for the year 2020, a pandemic period in which the con¬tainment measures designed and adopted to alleviate the strain on the health system led to a sharp reduction in economic activity and consumption in Colom¬bia, as was the case in most countries. At the start of the pandemic, the Board of Directors of Banco de la República adopted decisions that were necessary to supply the market with ample liquid¬ity in pesos and US dollars to guarantee market stability, protect the payment system and preserve the supply of credit. The pronounced growth in mone¬tary aggregates reflected an increased preference for liquidity, which Banco de la República addressed at the right time. These decisions were implemented through operations that were cleared and settled via the financial infrastructure. The second section of this report, following the introduction, offers an analysis of how the various financial infrastructures in Colombia have evolved and per¬formed. One of the highlights is the large-value payment system (CUD), which registered more momentum in 2020 than during the previous year, mainly be¬cause of an increase in average daily remunerated deposits made with Banco de la República by the General Directorate of Public Credit and the National Treasury (DGCPTN), as well as more activity in the sell/buy-back market with sovereign debt. Consequently, with more activity in the CUD, the Central Securi¬ties Depository (DCV) experienced an added impetus sparked by an increase in the money market for bonds and securities placed on the primary market by the national government. The value of operations cleared and settled through the Colombian Central Counterparty (CRCC) continues to grow, propelled largely by peso/dollar non-deliverable forward (NDF) contracts. With respect to the CRCC, it is important to note this clearing house has been in charge of managing risks and clearing and settling operations in the peso/dollar spot market since the end of last year, following its merger with the Foreign Exchange Clearing House of Colombia (CCDC). Since the final quarter of 2020, the CRCC has also been re¬sponsible for clearing and settlement in the equities market, which was former¬ly done by the Colombian Stock Exchange (BVC). The third section of this report provides an all-inclusive view of payments in the market for goods and services; namely, transactions carried out by members of the public and non-financial institutions. During the pandemic, inter- and intra-bank electronic funds transfers, which originate mostly with companies, increased in both the number and value of transactions with respect to 2019. However, debit and credit card payments, which are made largely by private citizens, declined compared to 2019. The incidence of payment by check contin¬ue to drop, exhibiting quite a pronounced downward trend during the past last year. To supplement to the information on electronic funds transfers, section three includes a segment (Box 4) characterizing the population with savings and checking accounts, based on data from a survey by Banco de la República con-cerning the perception of the use of payment instruments in 2019. There also is segment (Box 2) on the growth in transactions with a mobile wallet provided by a company specialized in electronic deposits and payments (Sedpe). It shows the number of users and the value of their transactions have increased since the wallet was introduced in late 2017, particularly during the pandemic. In addition, there is a diagnosis of the effects of the pandemic on the payment patterns of the population, based on data related to the use of cash in circu¬lation, payments with electronic instruments, and consumption and consumer confidence. The conclusion is that the collapse in the consumer confidence in¬dex and the drop in private consumption led to changes in the public’s pay¬ment patterns. Credit and debit card purchases were down, while payments for goods and services through electronic funds transfers increased. These findings, coupled with the considerable increase in cash in circulation, might indicate a possible precautionary cash hoarding by individuals and more use of cash as a payment instrument. There is also a segment (in Focus 3) on the major changes introduced in regulations on the retail-value payment system in Colombia, as provided for in Decree 1692 of December 2020. The fourth section of this report refers to the important innovations and tech¬nological changes that have occurred in the retail-value payment system. Four themes are highlighted in this respect. The first is a key point in building the financial infrastructure for instant payments. It involves of the design and im¬plementation of overlay schemes, a technological development that allows the various participants in the payment chain to communicate openly. The result is a high degree of interoperability among the different payment service providers. The second topic explores developments in the international debate on central bank digital currency (CBDC). The purpose is to understand how it could impact the retail-value payment system and the use of cash if it were to be issued. The third topic is related to new forms of payment initiation, such as QR codes, bio¬metrics or near field communication (NFC) technology. These seemingly small changes can have a major impact on the user’s experience with the retail-value payment system. The fourth theme is the growth in payments via mobile tele¬phone and the internet. The report ends in section five with a review of two papers on applied research done at Banco de la República in 2020. The first analyzes the extent of the CRCC’s capital, acknowledging the relevant role this infrastructure has acquired in pro¬viding clearing and settlement services for various financial markets in Colom¬bia. The capital requirements defined for central counterparties in some jurisdic¬tions are explored, and the risks to be hedged are identified from the standpoint of the service these type of institutions offer to the market and those associated with their corporate activity. The CRCC’s capital levels are analyzed in light of what has been observed in the European Union’s regulations, and the conclusion is that the CRCC has a scheme of security rings very similar to those applied internationally and the extent of its capital exceeds what is stipulated in Colombian regulations, being sufficient to hedge other risks. The second study presents an algorithm used to identify and quantify the liquidity sources that CUD’s participants use under normal conditions to meet their daily obligations in the local financial market. This algorithm can be used as a tool to monitor intraday liquidity. Leonardo Villar Gómez Governor
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2022-02-01
Payment Systems Report - June of 2021
Open Access
Financial Stability Report - First Semester 2018
(Banco de la República) Echavarría, Juan José; Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Cardozo-Ortiz, Pamela Andrea; Morales-Acevedo, Paola; Financial Stability Department; Osorio-Rodríguez, Daniel Esteban; Systemic Risks Section; Mendoza-Gutiérrez, Juan Carlos; Cardozo-Alvarado, Nathali; Cely-Fernández, Jorge Humberto; Clavijo-Ramírez, Felipe; Gamba-Santamaría, Santiago; Jaulín-Méndez, Oscar Fernando; Lizarazo-Cuellar, Angélica María; Mariño-Montaña, Juan Sebastián; Meneses-González, María Fernanda; Pacheco-Bernal, Daisy Johana; Quicazán-Moreno, Carlos Andrés; Segovia-Baquero, Santiago David; Yanquen, Eduardo; Blanco, Santiago; Parra, Luis Eduardo
1.La recuperación económica ha mitigado gradualmente las principales vulnerabilidades de corto plazo para la estabilidad del sistema financiero. 2.Los establecimientos de crédito continúan manteniendo indicadores sólidos de solvencia y liquidez, pese a la reducción en la rentabilidad y al bajo crecimiento del volumen de crédito. 3.Las principales vulnerabilidades para la estabilidad financiera están asociadas con: •El efecto rezagado del bajo crecimiento económico sobre la materialización del riesgo de crédito. •El riesgo de un menor crecimiento económico en el futuro cercano. 4.Al cierre de 2017 se observan menores incrementos en la cartera riesgosa y vencida del sector corporativo y de los hogares colombianos.
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2019-04-12
Financial Stability Report - I Semester 2018
Open Access
Quarterly Update of the Financial Stability Report – September 2024
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Financial Stability Department
This document provides an update on the main risks faced by the local financial system. It assesses the quarterly evolution of vulnerabilities identified in the Financial Stability Report for the first half of 2024: i) sudden changes in global financial conditions; ii) materialization of credit risk; and iii) deterioration in the performance of financial institutions. Additionally, this update seeks to inform financial market participants and the public about the main risk mitigants and to present the in-depth analyses that will be featured in the Special Reports on Financial Stability and the Financial Stability Report for the second half of 2024.
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2024-09-17
Actualización trimestral del Reporte de Estabilidad Financiera – Septiembre de 2024
Open Access
Financial Stability Report - Second Half of 2024
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Office for Monetary Operations and International Investments; Financial Stability Department
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2025-07-11
Financial Stability Report - Second Half of 2024
Open Access
Inflation Report - December 2018
(Banco de la República) Office of the Deputy Technical Governor; Vargas-Herrera, Hernando; Office of the Deputy Governor for Monetary Policy and Economic Information; González-Gómez, Andrés; Programming and Inflation Department; Huertas-Campos, Carlos Alfonso; Cobo-Serna, Adolfo León; Caicedo-García, Edgar; Cárdenas-Hurtado, Camilo Alberto; Cote-Barón, Juan Pablo; Galeano-Ramírez, Franky; Martínez-Cortés, Nicolás; Rojas, Carlos Daniel; Pérez-Amaya, Julián Mauricio; Calderón-López, Luis Hernán; López, David Camilo; Salazar-Diaz, Andrea; Gaitán-Maldonado, Celina; Restrepo-Ángel, Sergio; Parra-Amado, Daniel
En diciembre de 2018 la inflación y todas las medidas de inflación básica descendieron y se situaron cerca de la meta del 3%. Las expectativas de inflación a uno y más años se encuentran alrededor de 3,5%. Las nuevas cifras de actividad económica para el último trimestre de 2018 sugieren que el crecimiento económico se sigue recuperando desde niveles de producto inferiores a la capacidad productiva del país. La postura actual de la política monetaria es ligeramente expansiva.
Reportes, Boletines e Informes. 2018-02-15
Inflation Report - December 2018